Preschool wheeze diagnosis and treatmen
Aston University and Birmingham Children’s Hospital have highlighted gaps in diagnosing and treating preschool wheeze. This common condition affects 30–40% of children under six and leads to significant health and emotional challenges for families.
Preschool wheeze: a widespread issue
Preschool wheeze causes episodes of breathlessness and wheezing, often triggered by viral infections or allergies. Although similar to asthma, it does not always lead to an asthma diagnosis. The UK reports the second-highest prevalence of preschool wheeze in two-year-olds across Europe.
The condition is a leading cause of emergency hospital visits, with repeated attacks affecting children’s quality of life and placing a financial and emotional burden on families.
Key findings from the study on Preschool wheeze
The research, led by Dr Gemma Heath of Aston University and Dr Prasad Nagakumar of Birmingham Children’s Hospital, uncovered several issues with diagnosis and treatment.
Confusion around diagnosis
Parents reported inconsistent terminology, with terms like asthma, viral wheeze, and allergy often used interchangeably. This lack of clarity caused frustration and uncertainty.
Delayed investigations
Tests to identify underlying causes, such as blood tests for allergies or asthma markers, often occurred only after repeated hospitalisations. Parents supported timely testing but stressed the importance of avoiding unnecessary or repeated procedures.
Challenges with treatment
Steroid and salbutamol inhalers are commonly used to manage preschool wheeze. While parents had concerns about side effects, they viewed the treatments as necessary.
Emotional and practical impact
Parents described the fear and anxiety caused by their child’s attacks, with some missing work or even leaving jobs to provide care. Many avoided overseas travel due to concerns about accessing healthcare.
Recommendations for improvement
Dr Heath emphasised the need for evidence-based policies and treatment pathways co-developed with parents. She called for clinical trials to assess the effectiveness of diagnostic tests in guiding timely treatments.
Dr Nagakumar added that improving care could reduce the strain on emergency health services and improve families’ lives.
Further information on Preschool wheeze
For more details, read the study in the Archives of Disease in Childhood: DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2024-327781.
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